Improvement in door-locks



J. H. KINSMAN.

I DOOR-LOCK. No.185,759, Patented Dec. 26, 1876.

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Attorney UNITED STATES Pmrmv'r Qrrros.

JOHN H. KINSMAN, on SALEM, MASSACHUSETTS.

IMPROVEMENT IN DOOR-LOCKS.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 185,759, dated December26,1876; application filed July 20, 1876.

To all whom it may concern Be it known that I, JoHn H. KINSMAN, ofSalem, in the county of Essex and State of Massachusetts, have inventedcertain new and useful Improvements in Locks, of which the following isa specification:

Figure 1 is a plan view of the lock with the top plate of case removed,the spring-catch in position adjacent the latch. Fig. 2 is a centrallongitudinal section of the spring-catch. Fig. 3 represents the stay,which, when in the position shown in Fig. 1, prevents any motion of thelock. Fig.4 is a detail view, showing the position of the secondarytumblers when the lock is in position for the latch to be opened. Fig. 5is a perspective view .of the spring-slide which stays the secondarytumblers, &c., in a given relation to the primary tumblers as regardsvertical motion. Fig. 6 is an edge view of the lock in detail, showingthe front end of said slide. 7

The general purpose of the present invention is to adapt the deviceshown in my Patent No. 6,196, reissued December 29, 1874, to be used asa night-lock; and to this end it consists, more particularly, in theconstruction of the parts so that a shoulder of the latch-arm embracingthe spindle is made to engage with the end of the lever adapted tooperate on the primary tumblers, and will thus insure their return totheir normal position on the first turn of the knob after the lock isunlocked; and, also, in attaching-to and upon the sliding locking-platewhich carries the tumblers, and above the top of the secondary tumblers,a spring, the outer surface of which is partly covered with rubber, andits ends held in place by pins in said plate, so that, when the lock isunlocked and the primary tumblers are down, the center portion of thespring shall rest at its edges upon pins or studs in the bottom and topplates of the lock-case, and the said spring shall be held a littleabove the serrated top edges of said secondary tumblers, allowing themto slide freely; but when the lock is locked, the said spring is freedfrom the said pins or studs and allowed to press upon the serrated upperedges of said tumblers, and retain them in place and pre' vent them fromany accidental movement; and, also, in a spring-slide operated from thefront face or edge of the lock, and adapted to stay the movement of thetumbler carrier-plate within a given range, or, upon being detached fromthe carrier-plate, allowing full and unobstructed vertical motion oftheinternal parts of the lock, all as will now be more in detail set outand explained.

In the drawing, the general detail of tumblers and other portions of mydevice is so like what is shown in my patent as aforesaid that I willnot now go particularly into any explanation about them. The primarytumblers are indicated by A, the secondary tumblers by B, the slidinglocking-plate by G. This plate carries the secondary tumblers and theslides which actuate the primary tumblers, and to its upper edge issuitably attached or applied a spring, D, shown in Fig. 4 as held byengaging its inside edge near its middle on a pin or projectiomm, in theback plate of the case, while its outer ends brace against studs 0 inthe sliding locking or carrier plate. There is also another pin in thetop plate of the case, correspondingto pin 90. This spring is suitablyprovided with rubber cover or covers d. When the secondary tumblers arein the position shown in Fig. lthat is, when the lock is locked-theirserrated upper edges are pressed upon by this rubber on spring D, andare thus firmly held. in place; but when the lock is unlocked, the saidserrated edges are below said rubbers, as their carryingplate C has beendrawn downward by the movement of the key, and the spring coming incontact with the stationary pin 00, the rubbers are freed from contactwith the secondary tumblers, as shown in Fig. 4.

It sometimes happens, in looks of this construction, that for some causethe primary tumblers A are not always properly thrown by the action ofthe key in looking and unlocking. I remedy this by adapting the lowerend 6 of arm E, to which, by means of rodf, is attached the latch F, andwhich arm is adapted, in the usual manner, to be operated by thespindle-hub, so that it may be caused to press upon the upper end oflever G, pivoted at g. This lever is adapted to operate by its lower andlonger end upon the edges of the primary tumblers A. Thus, when the lockhas been unlocked, the first turn of the hub, operating on arm E, andthence through end 0 on the lever Gr, eonduces to insure the return ofsaid tumbers to their normal positiOn.

In the front edge of the lock is placed a slide, H, (shown in Figs. 1,5, and 6,) having spring h, and partly held in place by pin h above andby post 0 below. This slide works in a slot, 11, in the vertical slidingplate N, which plate is attached to the locking-plate O, and aids incarrying the tumblers. The outer or front end of the slide passesthrough the face-plate, and is adapted to be operated by the finger. Theinner end of this slide abuts on a shoulder, n, in the said slot n, sothat the key used in moving the tumblers can only be turned the distancenecessary to bring the projections on the secondary tumblers so far intothe depressions in the primary tumblers as will allow the slidinglocking-plate U to descend far enough to permit the latch to be turnedback by the action of the knob or handle, thus saving a completerevolution of the key. But if for any purposeas for rearranging thetumblers to fit a new key-it is desired to bring the carrier-plates Gand N down their whole limit of movement, it will only be necessary toapply the finger to the head of the slide H, and then press it backwhile the key is being turned around. The inner end of the slide is thusremoved from engagement with the shoulder a in the slot at in thesliding plate N, and no obstacle is ofi'ered to the free and fullmovement of all of these parts.

To prevent any movement of the lock when the door is closed for thenight, the pivoted stop I, placed on the bottom, is turned as shown infull lines, Fig. 1, so that its free leg comes directly under the curvedplate N, (shown in dotted lines in Fig. 1,) that connects the ends ofthe upper and under carrienplates (J and N, and holds them fast. Thisstop can be turned by means of a spindle and knob on the inside of thedoor. When its leg is turned down upon the bottom plate of the case, asindicated in dotted lines in Fig. l, the stop will not be in the way ofthe movements of any of the parts.

The lock being adapted to be unlocked from the outside, its latch willbe held stifi when the door is opened and the key has been turned backand withdrawn. To adapt it,

now, so that the door can be closed while carrying the lock with itsextended and rigid latch, I have provided the keeper L with the armedwheel K, so that the rounded face of said latch will strike upon one ofthe arms of the wheel, said arms being preferably bent, so that asuitable surface will be offered for the ,latch-face to strike upon, andwhen the door is now shut the latch operates to turn the wheel, and thuspasses into one of the spaces between the arms of the wheel. Its facerests on the face of one arm, and its back is firmly caught and held bythe impinging edge of the next arm. Thus the door can be easily shut andfastened, for the wheel is stayed in its movement by the pawl M, actedupon by the spring in, the end of which pawl engages with the face ofone of the arms opposite those before mentioned, and prevents anyrevolution of the wheel except in one direction.

The pawl may be released, when desired to open the door from the inside,by pressing down its arm m. It will thus be seen that the key opens thedoor from the outside only, and being then released from the lock, thelatch is fixed, and can only be locked or unlocked by the means justdescribed.

Having thus described my invention, what 1 consider new, and desire tosecure by Letters Patent, is-- 1. The combination of lever G with theprimary tumblers, and with the latch-arm E e, substantially as and forthe purposes set forth.

2. The combination of spring D, suitably provided with rubber, withplate'O and the secondary tumblers B and stationary pins at,substantially in the manner and for the purposes described.

3. The combination of spring-slide H, as described, with recessed platesN, carrying the tumblers, substantially as and for the purposes setforth.

4. The keeper provided with the revolving wheel, having a series ofarms, in combination with the pawl M and fixed latch, substantially asand for the purposes set forth.

In testimony that I claim the foregoing as my own I aflix my signaturein presence of two witnesses.

JOHN H. KINSMAN.

Witnesses:

WILLIAM FITCH, PHILIP MGNIOKLE.

